Panitumumab Demonstrates Anti-Cancer Activity in Colorectal Cancer
According to results presented at the Chemotherapy Foundation XXII, the monoclonal antibody panitumumab (formerly ABX-EGF) demonstrates anti-cancer activity in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Panitumumab is a monoclonal antibody that is still in early-phase clinical trials. Panitumumab targets the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway, which is a complex biological pathway within cells that is involved in cellular replication. Often, cancerous cells have a mutation within the EGFR pathway, resulting in uncontrolled replication and spread of cancer cells. Therefore, much research in the treatment of cancer is currently aimed at the EGFR pathway.
The data presented by Hecht, et al. at the Chemotherapy Foundation XXII had been previously presented at the 2004 ASCO meeting. They reported an update of a large phase II trial of panitumumab (ABX-EGF). They reported that panitumumab was similar to Erbitux? with perhaps a somewhat lower incidence of allergic reactions. A 10% response rate and only one allergic reaction was observed in a population of 148 chemotherapy-refractory colorectal cancer patients. Approximately 35% of patients appeared to have stabilization of disease. As is the case with Erbitux? no correlation between EGFR expression by immunohistochemstry and clinical activity was seen.
The second clinical trial presented at Chemotherapy Foundation XXII evaluated panitumumab in 19 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who had not received prior therapy. These patients were treated with a combination of panitumumab plus chemotherapy (combinations of Camptosar?5-fluorouracil/leucovorin). Overall, 47% of patients experienced a partial or complete disappearance of detectable cancer, and 32% achieved disease stabilization. The average progression-free survival was 8.2 months.
The researchers concluded that panitumumab appears to be an effective and well tolerated treatment option for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Future clinical trials evaluating panitumumab are planned, including different doses and schedules, the combination of panitumumab and different chemotherapy regimens, as well as the comparison of panitumumab to supportive care.
Comments: These data suggest that panitumumab has significant activity in colorectal cancer. Future trials will determine if this drug has any advantage over Erbitux?
References:
1. Hecht J, et al. Proceedings from the Chemotherapy Symposium XXII. New York, New York. November 10-13, 2004.
2. Hecht JR, Patnaik A, Malik I, Venook A, et al.ABX-EGF monotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): An updated analysis. Proceedings from the 40th annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, New Orleans LA, June 5-8, 2004; Abstract #3511.
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